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conservation communications | communication websites | environment education
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Title, Author, Year |
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Public Awareness, Attitudes, and Behaviors Concerning Global Climate Change
The Ocean Project 2008 |
This PowerPoint presentation offers excerpts from research by IMPACTS for a collaborative project between The Ocean Project, Monterey Bay Aquarium, and the National Aquarium in Baltimore. It was presented at the “Communicating Climate Change and the Oceans” Summit, Monterey, California, in December 2008. |
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Public Sends Mixed Signals on Energy Policy
The Pew Research Center for the People & the Press (conducted by Princeton Survey Research Associates International) 2008 |
This poll of 1,508 American adults showed that nine in ten voters, regardless of political party affiliation, supported government efforts to boost vehicle efficiency, and more than eight in ten supported increased federal funding for alternative energy. Voters from both parties continued to strongly favor increased federal support for policies such as increased vehicle fuel efficiency, alternative energy development and greater use of mass transit but were more divided on policies such as nuclear power and tax breaks for oil exploration. However, party gaps were apparent on issues such as nuclear power and tax cuts for oil companies. Significantly more Republicans were found to support increased use of nuclear power and tax cuts of oil exploration. Raising the gasoline tax remained unpopular with all voters – only about one in five people surveyed said they favored the idea. |
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Rising Environmental Concern in 47-Nation Survey
Pew Global Attitudes Project 2007 |
This report contains public opinions gathered from 47 nations on global climate change, including the world`s public opinion of which nations hold the most the blame for pollution and climate change. |
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Beyond Bullet Points
Atkinson, Cliff 2007 |
Cliff Atkinson is said to be one of the best PowerPoint designers around. His book describes a three-step approach for how to create an engaging PowerPoint presentation. |
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Why Zoos and Aquariums Matter: Assessing the impact of a visit to a zoo or aquarium
Association of Zoos and Aquariums 2007 |
This report is a useful tool to help determine the impact of visiting a zoo or aquarium. The results found that visiting a zoo or aquarium have a direct impact on how people view themselves as part of the solution, and helps them identify environmental problems. The study found that visitors are ready for more information on how they can be a advocate for the environment. |
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Journey to Planet Earth: The State of the Ocean’s Animals, Summative Evaluation
Goodman Research Group, conducted for Screenscope, Inc. and American Association for the Advancement of Science 2007 |
An evaluation of the influence of the State of the Ocean’s Animals program on a sample of TV viewers, and the scope and impact of the outreach programs conducted by the museums and science centers. Overall assessments of the TV and outreach programs were overwhelmingly positive and both were effective in increasing knowledge and interest in environmental issues. The report includes recommendations for further improving and broadening the reach of similar programs. |
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The Second Annual "America's Report Card on the Environment" survey
The Woods Institute for the Environment at Stanford University, in collaboration with The Associated Press
2007 |
The second annual installment of Stanford’s national survey on the public’s perceptions of the environment, conducted by Ipsos Public Affairs, shows that Americans remain pessimistic about its condition and want greater effort directed toward improving its health. This report also compares the results with the previous year's findings. |
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Concern Soars About Global Warming As World's Top Environmental Threat
ABC News, Washington Post, and Stanford University 2007 |
Climate change now places far ahead of any other environmental problem in the U.S. public’s mind; 33 percent now cite it as the world’s top environmental issue, up from 16 percent a year ago. |
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Environmental Sustainability Report
Umbria 2007 |
Umbria’s research shows that consumers are increasingly discussing environmental issues in online social media, with nearly 10,000 mentions per week over the course of the summer months.
Answers the key questions: Who is taking about the environment? What are the key issues and topics? Why are bloggers engaged in the conversation? How are bloggers taking action?
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International Polling on Climate Change - A WorldPublicOpinion.org Analysis
WorldPublicOpinion.org, a project of the Program on International Policy Attitudes 2007 |
A new analysis of 11 recent international polls on climate change conducted around the world by BBC/GlobeScan/PIPA, the Pew Research Center, GlobeScan, WorldPublicOpinion.org/Chicago Council on Global Affairs, the German Marshall Fund, and Eurobarometer. Analysis shows high international awareness, acceptance of climate change as a human caused problem, and support for taking strong action. Analysis also covers public opinion on options for confronting climate change. |
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AZA Professionals Survey: Knowledge and Perceptions about Assessing the Value of Zoos and Aquariums
John Fraser and Jessica Sickler, Wildlife Conservation Society 2007 |
This survey, conducted by The Wildlife Conservation Society, was completed by 511 staff and managers at 158 AZA-accredited zoos and aquariums nationwide to assess the public value of a zoo or aquarium in the community. The results suggest that professionals are interested in knowing how their local communities value them and in gaining the skills to conduct visitor study methods to obtain this information. The survey also finds that the size of the institution and the role of the professional matters in terms of determining skill sets. For a copy of this report, contact John Fraser atjfraser@wcs.org. |
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GfK Roper Green Gauge Study
GfK Roper Consulting 2007 |
This survey of 2,000 American adults by GfK Roper Consulting, a division of GfK Custom Research North America, finds that nearly nine in ten consumers agree they are seriously concerned about the environment, over seven in ten want the federal government to strengthen enforcement of green regulations, and over half say the environment should be prioritized over the economy. The top five issues most worrisome to Americans are “water pollution and rainforest destruction”, diminishing fresh water supplies, fuel and energy shortages, and air pollution. The study segments consumers into five key groups by attitudes and actions, and responses also indicate that a lack of environmental education prevents many people from “going green”. |
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Global Warming Seen as a Problem That Needs to be Addressed Globally, But Most People Want U.S. to Take the Lead
The Harris Poll 2007 |
Harris Interactive surveyed 1,052 American adults about global warming in this October study. They found that nearly nine in ten agree that all industrial countries, including developing ones, must be involved in controlling greenhouse gas emissions, with eight in ten stating that the United States must “set the lead when it comes to controlling greenhouse gases and pollution.” More than half of respondents – a marked decrease since the early 1990s – thought there should be more government regulation “in the area of environmental protection.” Response variations by political party affiliation are also discussed. |
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PPIC Statewide Survey: Californians and the Environment
Mark Baldassare, for the Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC) 2006 |
This survey builds on a November 2003 survey from PPIC`s environment series that offered the first comprehensive analysis of the public`s perspectives on the wide range of marine and coastal issues confronting California today. The survey investigates Californians` views on ocean and coastal conditions in the state, their policy preferences and lifestyle choices in relation to the ocean and coastal areas, and their perceptions of state and federal efforts in the environmental arena. |
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Getting Your Feet Wet with Social Marketing: A Guide for Watershed Programs
Jack Wilbur for the Utah Department of Agriculture and Food. 2006 |
The first eight chapters of this book walk the reader through the social marketing process using water examples from Utah and throughout the country. The final four chapters offer short case studies of successful water-related social marketing efforts. The appendices are filled with worksheets, checklists, lists of additional resources and samples of audience research documents. |
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Conference on Ocean Literacy Report
National Marine Sanctuary Foundation 2006 |
The national Conference on Ocean Literacy, held in June 2006, brought together experts to help lay the groundwork for developing a national strategy for creating an ocean-literate society. The participants addressed formal and informal educational activities, and looked for ways to facilitate links among federal, state, local and nongovernmental programs designed to enhance ocean stewardship. |
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The First Annual "America's Report Card on the Environment" survey
The Woods Institute for the Environment at Stanford University, in collaboration with ABC News and Time Magazine 2006 |
The first annual installment of Stanford’s national survey on the public’s perceptions of the environment, conducted in March by TNS of Pennsylvania, shows that Americans "are pessimistic about the state of the natural environment and want a lot to be done to improve its health." Access findings from the following year, 2007, here. |
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PPIC Statewide Survey: Special Survey on the Environment
Mark Baldassare for the Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC), in collaboration with The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation 2006 |
Based on a July survey of 2,501 adults, this report focuses on Californians’ knowledge, attitudes, and concerns about air quality, global warming, and energy. Also discussed are public opinion about the causes of poor air quality, the effects of air quality on human health, and people’s willingness to take personal action to improve it. On global warming, the survey examines satisfaction with government policies to address the issue including California’s emissions policy, oil drilling and fuel efficiency, alternative energy, and the effects of gasoline prices. The same survey was also conducted in 2005, 2004, and 2003. |
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Environmental Literacy in America: What 10 Years of NEETF/Roper Research and Related Studies Say About Environmental Literacy in the U.S.
The National Environmental Education & Training Foundation (NEETF) 2005 |
Overall awareness of simple environmental topics is reasonably high nationwide and there is a very strong nationwide belief in the value of environmental education. While the simplest forms of environmental knowledge are widespread, public comprehension of more complex environmental subjects is very limited. There is encouraging evidence that the public can learn about the environment and complex ecological relationships. That we are far from succeeding in making this a reality is due to the absence of a comprehensive coordinated approach to environmental education. |
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Chesapeake Bay Social Marketing Initiative Final Report
Chesapeake Bay Social Marketing Initiative 2005 |
This final report for the Chesapeake Bay Social Marketing Initiative provides a clear outline of the Chesapeake Bay nutrient run-off problem each spring, and how social marketing was utilized to combat the problem. |
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Marine Mammal Poll
Alliance of Marine Mammal Parks and Aquariums 2005 |
Poll conducted by Harris Interactive found that dolphins are the favorite animal among aquarium visitors.
Also, 97 percent of respondents agree that marine life parks, aquariums and zoos play an important role in educating the public about marine mammals they might not otherwise have the chance to see and 93 percent agree that visiting these facilities can inspire conservation action that can help marine mammals and their natural environment.
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Decision Making for the Environment: Social and Behavioral Science Research Priorities
Garry D. Brewer and Paul C. Stern 2005 |
With the growing number, complexity, and importance of environmental problems come demands to include a full range of intellectual disciplines and scholarly traditions to help define and eventually manage such problems more effectively. Decision Making for the Environment: Social and Behavioral Science Research Priorities is the result of a 2-year effort by 12 social and behavioral scientists, scholars, and practitioners. The report sets research priorities for the social and behavioral sciences as they relate to several different kinds of environmental problems. |
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Public Opinion Research: Overfishing and International Fisheries and Oceans Governance
Environics Research Group Limited, conducted for Fisheries and Oceans Canada 2005 |
A survey of Canadian opinion on fisheries issues covering the following areas: a) awareness of actions on overfishing/illegal fishing, b) importance of taking steps to stop overfishing/illegal fishing, c) most effective approach to problem of overfishing/illegal fishing, d) most important long-term priority, and e) concern about the future of local and global fish stocks and why. Opinion research effort included focus group research to gain a better understanding of the views, attitudes and perceptions of the overfishing issue among different segments of the Canadian population. |
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Inside the Frame
Buzz Flash 2004 |
This report offers information on a new technique of structuring communication for debate and getting the message across audiences. |
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AAAS Survey Report
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 2004 |
AAAS conducted a U.S. survey of 2,400 adults in November 2003 to gain an understanding of their attitudes and opinions on marine issues. This report analyzes the participants responses to the ten questions asked in regards to their age, gender, region, education, and marital status. Major findings include the idea that most adults believe that human activity is endangering the Earth`s oceans, yet less than one-third feel empowered to influence positive change. |
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Review of Public Attitudes Towards Marine Issues Within and Beyond New Zealand: Doc Science Internal Series 170
Allison Arnold for the New Zealand Department of Conservation 2004 |
This paper reviews current research on public opinions in New Zealand as well as the United States, Scotland, and Canada. Includes a discussion of the future of marine conservations and the directions it needs to take in the future. |
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How Aware is the Public of Carbon Capture and Storage?
T.E. Curry, D.M. Reiner, S. Ansolabehere, and H.J. Herzog 2004 |
A survey of 1,200 people in 2003 by MIT researchers shows that climate change and the threat of global warming are poorly understood by the US public, and that taking action to reduce their impact is not a high priority. Subjects were also unfamiliar with technology used to reduce climate change. |
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U.S. Survey Results on the Environment, Trade, and Campaign Finance Reform
Global Stewards 2004 |
This organization compiled results from a long list of separate polls and combined them to take the temperature of the nation on the issues of the environment, trade, and campaign finance reform. A good source of broad information on the American public`s thought process. |
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Religion and the Environment: Polls Show Strong Backing for Environmental Protection Across Religious Groups
Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life 2004 |
Polls shows that concern for the environment transcends religious affiliation, in opposition to other hot button topics such as abortion, gay marriage, the death penalty, etc. Backing for the environment occurs in virtually every group, and support runs quite deeply. |
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Getting Your Message Out Through the Media
Nedra Kline Weinreich 2004 |
A brief article with tips to help get your message across through standard media channels in a beneficial way. |
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The Marketplace for Sustainable Seafood: Growing Appetites and Shrinking Seas
Seafood Choices Alliance 2003 |
This report draws together known information on the US seafood market and fisheries and research on consumer attitudes towards seafood. Results show that while few Americans are knowledgeable about where their seafood comes from and the consequences of eating it, a significant number would be willing to support more sustainable options if they became available. |
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Getting in Step: A Guide For Conducting Watershed Outreach Campaigns
Environmental Protection Agency 2003 |
The purpose of this guide is to provide the tools needed to develop and implement an effective outreach campaign as part of a state or local water quality improvement effort. This guide takes people through a comprehensive six-step outreach process, from establishing goals to project evaluation. |
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Public Knowledge and Attitudes About Coral Reefs
The Coral Reef Foundation (subsequently renamed The Ocean Foundation), Munson Foundation, and SeaWeb 2002 |
This was the first nationwide public survey conducted on coral reef issues. The report, carried out by Edge Research, finds that although Americans feel they know little about coral reefs, they are concerned about reef health and are willing to take action to protect reefs, with all demographic and geographic groups strongly supporting the creation of protected areas. |
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Community Culture and the Environment: A Guide to Understanding a Sense of Place
Environmental Protection Agency 2002 |
Tools and methods for understanding the human dimension of environmental protection. It is designed to provide leaders in the environmental field a means for better understanding community values and processes as they relate to environmental issues, thus resulting in more effective partnerships and approaches to solving environmental problems. |
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Environmental and Educational Achievement: Promising Programs and Resources
The National Environmental Education and Training Foundation 2002 |
This report is intended as an introductory guide for those new to the environmental education field and the larger educational benefits it has to offer. The ten case studies illustrate particularly promising strategies and practices for integrating environmental education (EE) into educational settings. The stories include EE programs that incorporate elements of service-learning, comprehensive school reform, after-school, project-based learning, science integrated across the curriculum, and arts education. |
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Ethics for a Small Planet: A Communication Handbook on the Ethical and Theological Reasons for Protecting Biodiversity
The Biodiversity Project 2002 |
This handbook is meant to be a tool to open a broader conversation on the ethical considerations related to protecting species, habitat, and ecosystems. The purpose of this publication is to help biodiversity spokespersons understand the ethical and religious frameworks in which biodiversity issues are discussed so that they can communicate more effectively with the public. |
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Future Environmental Priorities in North America: A summary of responses to a questionnaire
North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation 2001 |
This survey polled the online American public to understand their vision of what the North American environment will look like 20 years from now. Two thirds of survey respondents believe that the state of the environment will be worse in 20 years, while even the third that believe the environment will be in better shape still think that more environmental degradation must occur first before enough people will sit up and take notice of the situation. The report includes the reasons given by respondents for environmental deterioration or improvement and their opinions on the biggest environmental problems that will confront us in the future. The questionnaire was informal and does not represent a random sampling of the population. |
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Lessons from the Environment: Why 95 % of Adult Americans Endorse Environmental Education
Roper Starch Worldwide, conducted for The National Environmental Education & Training Foundation 2001 |
The 2001 Annual National report Card on Environmental Attitudes, Knowledge, and Behavior examines why the overwhelming majority of adult Americans support environmental education in schools despite their own lack of environmental knowledge. Specifically they explored attitudes on balancing the environment and the economy, the state of environmental knowledge, and participation in environmental activities. |
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In the Spirit of Collaboration: A Presentation of The Ocean Project
The Ocean Project 2000 |
Based on comprehensive public opinion research, the presentation indentifies underlying factors for a lack of greater ocean conservation action among the public.
Explains the tested elements of an effective ocean message and includes a strategy for developing public communications about the ocean that will increase awareness, concern, and lead to greater conservation action. Case studies of this strategy in action at aquariums and elsewhere are included.
The presentation also includes background information on The Ocean Project and its initiatives for this strategy to be applied at zoos, aquariums, museums, and conservation organizations. |
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The Millennium Survey
The Heartland Institute, conducted by TNS Intersearch 2000 |
This widespread poll, with over 50,000 respondents from over 60 countries, sought the public`s knowledge of and opinions on the state of the world`s environment. Troublingly, 62 percent of Americans responded that the present state of the environment is very or mainly satisfactory. Additionally, while the issue of vanishing rainforest remains foremost on the public`s mind, very few rank the ocean as an area of concern. |
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Ocean Project: Highlights of National Survey
The Ocean Project 1999 |
At the moment, Americans are unaware of the threats to ocean health and they greatly underestimate their own role in damaging the oceans. The public values the oceans for their recreational and emotional aspects, but their understanding of why we need the oceans is superficial. Consequently, while many Americans express an emotional connection to the oceans, awareness and concerns about the oceans’ health are low.
Aquariums, zoos, and museums have a unique opportunity to educate the public about the importance of oceans.
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Communicating About Ocean Health and Protection: An Analysis of Research
Belden Russonello & Stewart and American Viewpoint for The Ocean Project
1999 |
Survey of American adults to understand their connections to the ocean, knowledge of the ocean, awareness of ocean health, perception of human impact on the ocean, personal importance of and support for ocean protection and associated underlying values, environmental concerns, and perceived effective solutions.
Based on the survey the American public was split into attitudinal groups and key ocean communication strategies and messages were developed.
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American Perceptions of Marine Mammals and Their Management
Stephen R. Kellert, for The Humane Society of the United States 1999 |
This study is the first comprehensive overview of how Americans view marine mammals. Some key findings highlighted include: most Americans opposed commercial whaling for ethical reasons; supported the protection of marine mammals over commercial fishing interests; objected to captive display of marine mammals in zoos and aquariums unless care was excellent and the education and science benefits were great; and they supported the goals of the Marine Mammal Protection Act and trade sanctions. |
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Top-line Analysis of Public Attitudes toward National Marine Sanctuaries and Ocean Protected Areas
The Mellman Group, conducted for SeaWeb 1999 |
This 4-page memo reports the results from a national survey of 800 adult Americans with an additional 250 interviews among those living in coastal states regarding their attitudes towards marine sanctuaries. The survey suggests that there is broad support for increased protection of ocean places. Nine major conclusions were drawn from the survey including individual perceptions of topics such as pollution, coastal versus deep ocean areas, and the effectiveness of current regulations. |
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Review of Existing Public Opinion Data on the Ocean
The Ocean Project 1999 |
Analysis of public opinion research on the ocean from 1992-1999. Covers how the ocean and the environment rank in comparison to other issues; how people value the ocean - their personal connections to the ocean and its impact on their daily lives; awareness about the roles of the ocean, ocean issues, the condition of the ocean, and human impacts on the ocean; seafood consumption; the language people use to describe the ocean and messages and messengers that are effective in communicating about the ocean; support for various ocean policies and people’s willingness to take personal actions to protect the ocean. |
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Summary Analysis of Six Focus Groups
The Ocean Project (conducted by Belden Russonello & Stewart, and American Viewpoint) 1999 |
Explores the public’s connections, values, attitudes, and knowledge relating to the ocean. Also provides recommendations about what needs to be communicated to build awareness and to increase people’s concern about the health of the ocean. |
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Fostering Sustainable Behavior
Doug McKenzie-Mohr and William Smith 1999 |
This book is the primary resource for the emerging new field of community-based social marketing, and an invaluable guide for anyone involved in designing public education programs with the goal of promoting sustainable behavior, from recycling and energy efficiency, to alternative transportation. |
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Life. Nature. The Public. Making the Connection: A Biodiversity Communications Handbook
The Biodiversity Project 1999 |
This handbook is the "best of" the Project`s recommendations and resources on how to create a communications strategy about biodiversity. The handbook contains information on public opinion, objectives for raising awareness, key audiences and points of access, tips for developing values-based messages and examples of successful messages. |
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Institute for Learning Innovation. Conservation Impacts Study: National Aquarium in Baltimore
Leslie M. McKelvey et al. 1999 |
This report addresses the overall short and long-term impacts of an aquarium visit on the conservation knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the general visitor. It assesses four main aspects: (1) in-coming conservation knowledge of visitors; (2) patterns of use and interaction with exhibitions; (3) exiting conservation knowledge of visitors; and (4) how the aquarium visit has altered or affected individual conservation knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. |
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Communicating About Oceans: Results of a National Survey
Belden Russonello & Stewart and American Viewpoint for The Ocean Project
1999 |
Examines the importance Americans place on ocean health and the potential for building greater saliency; the level of public support for protecting the ocean; and the persuasiveness of specific messages that make the case for protecting the ocean.
Background information on the public’s connections, values, attitudes, and knowledge relating to the ocean is also provided.
Report also includes a segmentation of the public based on attitudes toward the ocean, including a discussion of demographic characteristics of each attitudinal segment.
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Tools of change: proven methods for promoting environmental citizenship
National Round Table on the Environment and the Economy 1998 |
This workbook provides step-by-step guidance in the use of community-based social marketing. You may also wish to visit the website that is based upon this workbook: http://www.toolsofchange.com/. |
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Human Values and Nature`s Future: Americans` Attitudes on Biological Diversity: A Summary of Findings from a National Survey
The Biodiversity Project 1996 |
This analysis identifies key values and messages for communicating the impact of the loss of species and habitats and describes specific audiences for information about biodiversity. The survey it was based on is different than many others on environmental issues because it measures the values that underlie Americans` feelings about the environment. The quantitative findings of this survey complement the qualitative findings of the 1995 focus groups. |
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Current Trends in Public Opinion on the Environment: Environmental Compendium Update
Belden Russonello Research and Communications for Communications Consortium Media Center
1996 |
This memo highlights the trends found in survey data from 1992 to 1995, looking at public opinion on the environment in five main areas: 1) attitudes regarding environmentalism and the environmental movement, 2) the public`s assessment of the state of the environment, 3) the priority assigned to the environment by the public, 4) the environmental issues of most concern, and 5) the role of government in environmental protection. |
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Public Attitudes Toward Zoos, Aquariums, and Animal Theme Parks
Roper Starch Worldwide, commissioned by Sea World 1995 |
This study was carried out as an update of a benchmark survey first conducted in 1992 by Roper Report for Anheuser Busch. The intent of the study was to identify public attitudes and opinions toward animal facilities. Nine out of ten Americans believe zoos and aquariums are essential to educating the public about animals, and most believe education is most important function of these institutions. |
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